Arthroplasty (literally "surgical repair of joint") is an operative procedure of orthopedic surgery performed, in which the arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling, realigning the joint by osteotomy or some other procedure.
At first, the most popular form of arthroplasty is interpositional arthroplasty. It is the interposition of some tissues such as skin, muscle or tendon to keep inflammatory surfaces apart. The common form of arthroplasty is excisional arthroplasty. The feature of this procedure is the removal of the surface of the joint and bone leaving only the scar tissue to fill in the gap. Resectional arthroplasty, resurfacing arthroplasty, mold arthroplasty, cup arthroplasty, silicone replacement arthroplasty, etc. are the other forms of the arthroplasty. Osteotomy which is restoring or modifying joint congruity is also a kind of arthroplasty.
The most successful and frequent form of arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of arthritic, destructive or necrotic joint and joint surface with prosthesis for the last 45 years. For example, a hip joint, which is affected by osteoarthritis should be replaced entirely (total hip arthroplasty) with a prosthetic hip. The treatment should involve the replace of both the acetabulum (hip socket) and the head and neck of the femur. The main target of this procedure is to relieve the pain, restore range of motion and improve the ability of walking. Consequently these things are leading to the improvement of muscle strength.
